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For the first time serious assumptions of a possible{probable} role of viruses of papillomas in development РШМ have been stated in the middle of 70th years. It is necessary to emphasize, that definition of concept " a virus as этиологический the factor of development of a tumour " is based on a combination of the following criteria: 1) regular detection in tumoral cells{cages} virus ДНК (both in integrated, and in эписомальной to the form); 2) клонированные virus genes in cellular systems in vitro should induce malignant transformation of cells{cages}, including cells{cages} of the person; 3) regular экспрессия virus genes in tumoral cells{cages}; 4) existence in the nature of the similar viruses, capable to induce formation{education} of tumours at эксперементальных animals; 5) the epidemiological data confirming communication{connection} between tumoral process and presence of a virus genetic material in tumoral cells{cages}. The technique of molecular cloning has allowed to create a physical card{map} of viruses with the help эндонуклеаз, to define{determine} a site and sequence of the proteins coded by a virus [13,19.] has been shown, that in cells{cages} РШМ by a gene of a virus is actively transcribed, and crucial importance for development РШМ has персистенция virus генома [23]. The cellular lines received from a tumoral fabric шейки of a uterus, allow to carry out{spend} the comparative analysis of lines and tumours on персистенцию virus ДНК, function and экспрессию genes ДНК of a virus of a papilloma of person (ВПЧ). In fabrics эпителиальных дисплазий and карцином шейки a uterus during tumoral transformation regulation of a transcription virus онкогенов is broken, that is shown by quantitative distinctions in экспрессии early genes Е6 and Е7, playing the basic role in an induction of malignant growth of cells{cages} [22]. Подробнее...

The data on influence of long steroid contraception on frequency дисплазии and a cancer шейки a uterus разноречивы. Insignificant increase in frequency дисплазии and преинвазивного РШМ at the women using steroid contraceptives, have noted Andolsek with соавт. (1983), Piper (1985.) Svan and Brown (1981), Vassey with соавт. (1983) have defined{determined} relative risk РШМ equal 1,5 and 2,5 accordingly, in other researches it is not marked correlations between application of hormonal contraceptives and РШМ [3]. Experts the CART (Geneva, 1985) Came to a conclusion, that the treatment of the data on use of steroid contraceptives is inconvenient as because of the big number of preparations and absence of the authentic cytologic control over a condition эпителия шейки a uterus prior to the beginning and during application of steroid contraceptives, and owing to interrelation of frequency of application of contraceptives and sexual activity. Now there are convincing data on raised{increased} risk РШМ at smoking щенщин. Hellberg with соавт. (1983), Greenberg with соавт. (1986), Winkelstein (1985), Brinton (1986) mark association of smoking with the early beginning of a sexual life and often change of sexual partners, Hoffman with соавт. (1985), Sasson with соавт. (1985) suppose to a - cancerogenic role contained in a tobacco smoke of nicotine and котинина [4]. Подробнее...